The study, reported in the March 28 2001 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, comes just a week after the U.S. Supreme Court struck down sections of a Charleston, S.C., initiative aimed at pregnant women whose use of drugs supposedly produced "crack babies" in the 1980s. The court ruled that involuntary drug testing of maternity patients, which has lead to arrests and incarceration, amounts to an unconstitutional search. "